HIGH Introduced in 6.15
spi-qpic-snand SetFeature Corruption
CVE-2026-80712
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
KernelScan AI7.7HIGH
01Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: spi-qpic-snand: write the feature value before executing SET_FEATURE qcom_spi_send_cmdaddr() programs NAND_FLASH_CMD/NAND_EXEC_CMD and submits the descriptors, which makes the controller execute the command immediately. For SPINAND_SET_FEATURE the value to be written is only placed into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES afterwards, by qcom_spi_io_op(), in a second submission - so the chip is programmed with whatever that register happened to hold from a previous operation, and the intended value is only applied by the *next* SET_FEATURE. Measured on a TP-Link Archer AX55 v1 (IPQ5018, ESMT F50L1G41LB): writing 0x40 to the configuration register (0xb0) leaves the chip at 0x00, and the subsequent write of 0x00 leaves it at 0x40 - every write lands one operation late. This stayed unnoticed until v6.18 added SPI-NAND OTP support together with OTP entries for ESMT chips. spinand_otp_rw() enables OTP mode, reads, and disables it again, and mtd_otp_nvmem_add() does this during MTD registration. With the off-by-one, the "disable" write actually applies the previously requested value, so CFG_OTP_ENABLE ends up set: the chip stays in OTP mode, every subsequent array read returns the OTP area instead of the array (UBI reports an empty device) and all writes fail with -EIO because the OTP area is write protected. On this board that makes the whole flash unusable and the device unbootable. Write the feature value into NAND_FLASH_FEATURES as part of the same transaction, before NAND_EXEC_CMD. While at it, copy only the bytes the operation actually carries - the previous code dereferenced a 4-byte pointer on a one-byte buffer (spinand->scratchbuf). With this patch the flash contents read back bit-identical to a known-good dump of the same board taken under the vendor firmware (md5-verified across partitions), and writes work.
02KernelScan AI Analysis
Risk summary
A bug in the Qualcomm QPIC SPI-NAND driver causes SET_FEATURE commands to program the chip with stale register values, leaving the flash in an unintended state. On boards with SPI-NAND OTP support this bricks the flash and makes the device unbootable. The issue affects devices using Qualcomm IPQ SoCs with SPI-NAND flash.
Vulnerability analysis
The driver executes the NAND SET_FEATURE command before the feature value is written into the controller register, so the chip is programmed with whatever value the register held from a previous operation. This leaves the flash in an unintended state; on boards where OTP mode is toggled during MTD registration the chip stays in OTP mode, reads return the wrong data, writes fail, and the device becomes unbootable. The fix writes the feature value into the register as part of the same transaction before the command is executed, and copies only the bytes the operation actually carries. The vulnerable code is reached on any system using the Qualcomm QPIC SPI-NAND driver with a compatible SPI-NAND chip; no special privileges are needed beyond booting the kernel on affected hardware.
Lifecycle
03Fix Versions
| Branch | Introduced | Fixed in | Patch commit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.18 | 6.15 | 6.18.44 | 581e5166f078 |
| 7.1 | 6.15 | 7.1.8 | 3ba021079ef2 |
| mainline | 6.15 | 7.2 | 8fd62901d6bf |